Impact of the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio on Patients with Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Suffer Radiation Pneumonitis During the Course of Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery.

Purpose Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is an obstacle for patients after surgery following induction chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). We performed a comparative analysis of the association between clinicopathological factors, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognosis, in LA-NSCLC patients with or without RP during induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. Methods The subjects of this analysis were 168 patients undergoing trimodality therapy for LA-NSCLC between January, 1999 and May, 2019. Patients were divided into two groups: the RP group ( n = 41) and the non-RP group ( n = 127). We compared the clinicopathological factors including the NLR between the groups and analyzed the association between the NLR and prognosis. Results The RP group had more patients with tumors located in the lower lobe, more bilobar resections, shorter operative times, no implementation of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and a higher postoperative NLR than the non-RP group. There were no significant differences in serious postoperative complications and the prognosis. Patients with a low postoperative NLR had a significantly better prognosis in the non-RP group, and a trend toward a better prognosis even in the RP group. Conclusion Postoperative NLR may be a useful prognostic factor, even for patients who suffer RP after trimodality therapy for LA-NSCLC.