Myocardial Contractility Characteristics of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients with and Without Sarcomere Mutation

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with sarcomere mutations have an increased risk of heart failure and left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. We hypothesize that sarcomere mutation carriers have abnormal myocardial contractility before LV dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to associate myocardial contractility with identified sarcomere mutations and predict genotyped HCM patients with sarcomere mutation by three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI). A retrospective analysis of 117 HCM patients identified 32 genotype-positive (G +) and 85 genotype-negative (G–) patients. Genotype-positive patients had higher globe circumferential strain (GCS), globe longitudinal strain (GLS), and globe radial strain (GRS) (p < 0.05), and multivariate logistic regression revealed that these variables were associated with a positive genetic status (p < 0.05). After the propensity matches other possible influencing factors, we developed three models, named Model GCS, Model GLS, and Model GRS, which could identified genotype-positive HCM patients with excellent performance (AUC of 0.855, 0.833, and 0.870 respectively, all p < 0.001). Genotype-positive HCM patients show a higher myocardial hyper-contractility status than patients without sarcomere mutations. When combined with clinical and echocardiographic markers, the 3D-STI parameters can effectively identify the likelihood of genotype-positive HCM.