Correlation Between Lipoprotein(a) and Recurrent Ischemic Events Post-Cerebral Vascular Stent Implantation

Background and aim: The association of Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) with recurrent ischemic events in stented patients remains uncertain. So, this research aimed to investigate the impact of elevated Lp(a) levels on the occurrence of ischemic events in this specific patient population. Methods: Totally 553 patients who underwent intracranial or extracranial artery stent implantation were included. Baseline data were collected and postoperative ischemic outcomes were followed up. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between Lp(a) and outcomes, while accounting for confounding factors. Finally, we established prediction models based on nomogram. Results: Of total 553 patients, a number of 107 (19.3%) experienced outcomes. These included 46 cases (25.4%) in group with elevated Lp(a) levels (>30 mg/dL) and 61 cases (16.4%) in non-elevated group (chi(2)=6.343, p=0.012). The group with elevated Lp(a) was 1.811 times more likely to experience ischemic events than the non-elevated group, each 1 mg/dL increase in Lp(a) resulted in a 1.008-fold increase in the recurrence rate of ischemic events. In addition, sex (male), previous history of coronary heart disease, decreased albumin, elevated very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and poorly controlled risk factors (including blood pressure and blood sugar) were also associated with a high risk of recurrent ischemic events after stent implantation. Conclusion: Lp(a) elevation was a significant risk factor for ischemic events in symptomatic patients who underwent intracranial or extracranial artery stenting.